Hedgehog Signalling: Pulling Apart Patched and Smoothened
نویسنده
چکیده
Two integral membrane proteins, Patched and Smoothened, were for a long time thought to comprise a preformed receptor complex for secreted Hedgehog signalling proteins. Recent analyses of the subcellular distribution of these proteins argue strongly against this simple model.
منابع مشابه
Hedgehog Induces Opposite Changes in Turnover and Subcellular Localization of Patched and Smoothened
Secreted signaling proteins of the Hedgehog family organize spatial pattern during animal development. Two integral membrane proteins have been identified with distinct roles in Hedgehog signaling. Patched functions in Hedgehog binding, and Smoothened functions in transducing the signal. Current models view Patched and Smoothened as a preformed receptor complex that is activated by Hedgehog bin...
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Hedgehog signaling, mediated through its Patched-Smoothened receptor complex, is essential for pattern formation in animal development. Activating mutations within Smoothened have been associated with basal cell carcinoma, suggesting that smoothened is a protooncogene. Thus, regulation of Smoothened levels might be critical for normal development. We show that Smoothened protein levels in Droso...
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Hedgehog acts as an organizer during development. Its signaling involves the receptor Patched, signal transducer Smoothened and a cytoplasmic complex containing the transcription factor Cubitus interruptus tethered to the Smoothened carboxyl tail. Without Hedgehog, Patched represses Smoothened resulting in proteolysis of Cubitus interruptus to its repressor form. With Hedgehog, Patched repressi...
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The 7-pass transmembrane protein Smoothened was investigated for its ability to act as a G-protein-coupled receptor in Xenopus laevis melanophores. A plasmid containing the human Smoothened cDNA insert was transfected into immortalized frog pigment cells. Cells expressing the protein showed a phenotype of persistent pigment aggregation, a hallmark of constitutive Galpha(i) activation. Smoothene...
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The transmembrane receptor Patched regulates several developmental processes in both invertebrates and vertebrates. In vertebrates, Patched also acts as a tumor suppressor. The Patched pathway normally operates by negatively regulating Smoothened, a G-protein-coupled receptor; binding of Hedgehog ligand to Patched relieves this negative interaction and allows signaling by Smoothened. We show th...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Current Biology
دوره 12 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2002